Sitasiyo yo kongeramo lisansi ya Hydrogen ni iki?

Gusobanukirwa sitasiyo zo kongeramo lisansi ya Hydrogen

Ahantu hihariye hitwa sitasiyo zo kongeramo lisansi ya hydrogen (HRS) hakoreshwa mu kuzuza imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi zikoresha lisansi ya hydrogen. Izi sitasiyo zo kuzuza lisansi zibika hydrogen ifite umuvuduko mwinshi kandi zikoresha imiyoboro yihariye n'imiyoboro kugira ngo zigeze hydrogen ku modoka, ugereranije n'aho zikoresha lisansi gakondo. Sisitemu yo kongeramo hydrogène iba ingenzi mu gutanga amashanyarazi ku modoka zikoresha lisansi, zikora umwuka ushyushye gusa ndetse n'umwuka w'amazi, uko abantu bagenda bagana ku gutwara abantu bafite carbon nke.

Ni iki wuzuza imodoka ya hydrogen?

Gazi ya hydrogen ifunze cyane (H2), ubusanzwe ku gitutu cya 350 bar cyangwa 700 bar ku modoka, ikoreshwa mu gutanga lisansi ku modoka za hydrogen. Kugira ngo ishobore kubika neza umuvuduko mwinshi wa gazi, hydrogen ibikwa mu bigega byayo byubatswe mu buryo bwihariye bikomejwe na fibre ya karuboni.

Ni gute sitasiyo zo kongeramo lisansi ya Hydrogen zikora?

Gushyira lisansi mu modoka ikozwe muri hydrogen bisaba intambwe nyinshi z'ingenzi: 1. Gutunganya hydrogen: Kuvugurura gazi metani (SMR), gukoresha amashanyarazi aturuka ku masoko ashobora kuvugururwa, cyangwa bitewe n'uburyo bwo kuyikora ni bumwe mu buryo bwigenga bukoreshwa kenshi mu gukora hydrogen ikoreshwa.

1. Gukanda no Kubika Gazi: Ibigega byo kubikamo biri hafi bibika gaze ya hydrogen nyuma yo gukandamizwa neza kugeza ku gitutu kinini (350–700 bar).
2. Gukonjesha mbere yo gukonjesha: Kugira ngo hirindwe kwangirika k'ubushyuhe mu gihe cyo kuzuza vuba, hydrogen igomba gukonjeshwa kugeza kuri -40°C mbere yo gutanga.

4. Gutanga: Hashyizweho agakoresho gafunze hagati y'igikoresho cyo kubikamo imodoka n'umunwa wabigenewe. Uburyo bugenzuwe neza butuma hydrogen yinjira mu bigega byo kubikamo imodoka.

5. Sisitemu z'umutekano: Imirimo myinshi yo kurinda, nko gukumira inkongi z'umuriro, kugenzura byikora, no kugenzura aho amazi aturuka, bisezeranya ko ibikorwa bizahora mu mutekano.

Ibinyabiziga bya Hydrogen lisansi ugereranije n'ibinyabiziga bikoresha amashanyarazi

Ese lisansi ya hydrogen ni nziza kurusha amashanyarazi?

Iyi nyito iterwa n’imiterere yihariye yo gukoreshwa. Kubera ko 75–90% by’amashanyarazi akoreshwa ahinduka ingufu ku mapine y’imodoka, imodoka zikoresha bateri zikoresha bateri zikoresha bateri ubusanzwe ziba zifite ubuzima bwiza ku bidukikije. Hagati ya mirongo ine na mirongo itandatu ku ijana by’ingufu ziri muri hydrogen zishobora guhinduka ingufu zitwara imodoka zikoresha hydrogen. Ariko, FCEV zifite inyungu mu bijyanye no gukora neza mu bidukikije bikonje, kuramba (miles 300–400 kuri buri tanki), no kongeramo lisansi (iminota 3–5 ugereranyije n’iminota 30+ yo gusharija vuba). Ku binyabiziga binini (amakamyo, bisi) aho kongeramo lisansi vuba no gukora intera ndende ari ingenzi, hydrogen ishobora kuba nziza kurushaho.

Ikiguzi n'Ibintu Bifatika Bigomba Gutekerezwaho

Gushyiramo hydrogen car bihenze gute?

Kuri ubu, gukoresha lisansi mu modoka ikoresha hydrogen hamwe n'ikigega cyose (hafi ibiro 5-6 bya hydrogen) bizatwara hagati y'amadolari 75 na 100, ibi bikaba bitanga uburebure bw'ibirometero 300-400. Ibi bingana n'amadolari 16-20 kuri kilo ya hydrogen. Ibiciro biratandukana bitewe n'aho biherereye kandi byitezwe ko bizagabanuka uko inganda zigenda zikura no gukoresha hydrogen idahungabanya ibidukikije. Hari uturere dutanga igabanywa ry'ibiciro ku bakiriya.

Ese moteri isanzwe y'imodoka ishobora gukora kuri hydrogen?

Nubwo bitari bisanzwe, moteri zikoresha umuriro zisanzwe zishobora guhindurwa kugira ngo zikore kuri hydrogen. Guhera mbere yo gushya, imyuka myinshi ya azote ihumanya, n'ibibazo byo kubika ni bimwe mu bibazo moteri zikoresha umuriro wa hydrogen zigomba guhangana na byo uko igihe kigenda gihita. Muri iki gihe, hafi ya zose zikoresha hydrogen zikoresha ikoranabuhanga rya lisansi, rikoresha hydrogen na ogisijeni iva mu bidukikije kugira ngo zikore ingufu zitwara moteri y'amashanyarazi ifite amazi gusa nk'imyanda.

Ni ikihe gihugu gikoresha peteroli ya hydrogen cyane?

Ubuyapani muri iki gihe buyoboye isi mu gukoresha lisansi ikomoka kuri hydrogen, bufite sitasiyo zisaga 160 zo kongeramo lisansi ya hydrogen hamwe n'imigambi ikomeye yo kubaka sitasiyo 900. Ibindi bihugu bikomeye bigizwe na:

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Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika: Hamwe na sitasiyo zigera kuri 60, cyane cyane muri Kaliforuniya

Koreya y'Epfo: itera imbere vuba, aho sitasiyo 1.200 ziteganijwe mu 2040

Ubushinwa: Gushora imari mu buryo bw'ingenzi, aho sitasiyo zisaga 100 zikora ubu

Iterambere ry'Ikigo cy'Isi Gitanga Amavuta ya Hydrogen

Ku isi hose hari sitasiyo zigera kuri 800 zo kongeramo lisansi ya hydrogen; mu 2030, biteganijwe ko uwo mubare uziyongera ukagera ku zirenga 5.000. Bitewe n'inkunga za leta n'inganda zitanga inkunga mu iterambere ry'uturemangingo tw'ibikomoka kuri lisansi, Uburayi na Aziya biri ku rwego rwo hejuru muri iri terambere.

Kwibanda ku mirimo ikomeye: Kwagura ibikorwa remezo bya hydrogen ku makamyo, bisi, gari ya moshi, n'ibikorwa byo mu mazi